<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "http://www.surv-perspect-integr-environ-soc.net/inc/sapiens/copernicus.dtd">
<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Surveys and Perspectives Integrating Environment and Society</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.surv-perspect-integr-environ-soc.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1993-3800</issn>
		<eissn>1993-3819</eissn>
		<volume_number>1</volume_number>
		<issue_number>2</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2008</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/sapiens-1-87-2008</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.surv-perspect-integr-environ-soc.net/1/87/2008/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.surv-perspect-integr-environ-soc.net/1/87/2008/sapiens-1-87-2008.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.surv-perspect-integr-environ-soc.net/1/87/2008/sapiens-1-87-2008.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>87</start_page>
	<end_page>96</end_page>
	<publication_date>2008-10-01</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">The current electrical revolution: portrait of a newly emerging architecture in industrialized countries</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>P. Dunsky</name>
			<email>philippe@dunsky.ca</email>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">President, Dunsky Energy Consulting, Montreal, Canada</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">In the short and medium terms, the precise architecture
of the industrial world&apos;s electricity system remains hazy. Yet in the long
term, it seems quite clearly headed toward a new configuration, rooted in a
triad of solid trends: miniaturization, decentralization and the
&quot;greening&apos;&apos; of power generation. This text describes and explains these
trends and their underlying forces, namely the combined effects of
technological progress, growing environmental consciousness, the advent of a
digital economy and the opening of markets to competition.</abstract>
	<references>
		<reference numeration="1" content_type="text"> IEA-OECD: Toward Solutions – Sustainable Development in the Energy Sector, International Energy Agency, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="2" content_type="text"> Borbely, A.-M. and Kreider, J. F. (Eds.): Distributed Generation: The Power Paradigm for the New Millennium, Washington, D.C., CRC Press, 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="3" content_type="text"> Carlson, R.: Silent Spring, Houghton Mifflin, 1962. </reference>
		<reference numeration="4" content_type="text"> Centre, H.: Relevé des expériences et réflexions visant à concilier la tarification et la conservation d&apos;énergie, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="5" content_type="text"> Dunsky, P. and Raphals, P.: Challenges for Effective Competition in Large Hydro-Dominated Markets – The Case of Québec, in: Topics in Regulatory Economics and Policy, Vol. 28, Deregulation of Electric Utilities, Norwell, Mass and Dordrect, Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998, 101–117, 1997. </reference>
		<reference numeration="6" content_type="text"> Dunsky, P.: 1920–1995 and Beyond: Trending Downward, in: Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production, James and James Publishers, Nov.–Dec. 2000, 29–32, available at: www.centrehelios.org, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="7" content_type="text"> Dunsky, P.: La Révolution électrique en cours: Portrait de l&apos;émergence d&apos;une nouvelle architecture dans les pays industrialisés, VertigO, Vol. 5, 1, available at: http://www.vertigo.uqam.ca/vol5no1/art8vol5no1/phillip_u_dunsky.html, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="8" content_type="text"> EIA: The Changing Structure of the Electric Power Industry 2000: An Update, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="9" content_type="text"> EPRI: Electricity Technology Roadmap, 1999 Summary and Synthesis, Palo Alto, CA, Electric Power Research Institute, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="10" content_type="text"> Grübler, A.: Technology and Global Change, Cambridge, GB, Cambridge University Press, 1998. </reference>
		<reference numeration="11" content_type="text"> Haupt, A. and Kane, T. T.: Population Reference Bureau&apos;s Population Handbook (4th Int. Ed.), Washington, Population Reference Bureau, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="12" content_type="text"> Hirsh, R. and Finn, B.: Powering The Past: A Look Back, Washington, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History, available at: www.americanhistory.si.edu/csr/powering/thepast.htm, 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="13" content_type="text"> Hefner III, R. A.: The Age of Energy Gases – In the New Millenium, Oklahoma City, The GHG Company, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="14" content_type="text"> IPCC: Climate Change 2007: Working Group II report &quot;Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability&quot;, available at: http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-wg2.htm, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="15" content_type="text"> Kempton, W., Tomiǽ, J., Letendre, S., Brooks, A., and Lipman, T.: Vehicle-to-Grid Power: Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Vehicles as Resources for Distributed Electric Power in California, Davis, CA, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="16" content_type="text"> Lovins, A. B., Datta, E. K., Feiler, T., Rábago, K. R., Swisher, J. N., Lehmann, A., and Wicker, K.: Small Is Profitable – The Hidden Economic Benefits of Making Electrical Resources the Right Size, Snowmass, Colorado, Rocky Mountain Institute, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="17" content_type="text"> McCarthy, C.: Renewable, CHP and Electricity Distribution Networks: Challenges for the Future&quot;, Text of the speech given by the Chief Executive of the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets of Great Britain, 10 September 2002, available at: www.ofgem.gov.uk, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="18" content_type="text"> Naki&amp;#x0107;enovi&amp;#x0107;, N.: Freeing Energy from Carbon, in: Technological Trajectories and the Human Environment, Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 74–88, 1997a. </reference>
		<reference numeration="19" content_type="text"> Naki&amp;#x0107;enovi&amp;#x0107;, N.: Decarbonization as a long-term energy strategy, in: Environment, energy, and economy: Strategies for sustainability, United Nations University Press, available at: http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu17ee/uu17ee00.htm#Contents, 1997b. </reference>
		<reference numeration="20" content_type="text"> Rifkin, J.: The Hydrogen Economy, New York, Tarcher/Putnam, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="21" content_type="text"> Rogers, E.: Diffusion of Innovations, Cited in Wiser, Bolinger, Holt and Sweezey, Forecasting the Growth of Green Power Markets in the United States, 2001, Golden, CO, U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1992. </reference>
		<reference numeration="22" content_type="text"> Shell: Positioning for Growth – Business Presentations to Investment Analysts – Chemicals and Renewables, Royal Dutch/Shell Group, London, 14 June 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="23" content_type="text"> Weinberg, C. J.: Keeping the Lights On – Sustainable Scenarios for the Future, Statement before the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 15 March 2001. </reference>
	</references>
</article>
